AEC 2015
By the end of 2014, it is the ASEAN
time to gain their economic center by having an economic integration. This is
what so-called as ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). The AEC’s blueprint
technically has been confirmed by the ministry of ten ASEAN members on January
2007, in Cebu, Philippine. In other words, the AEC 2015 is the realization of
the end goal of economic integration. They believe that with a market of over
600 million consumers and combined GDP
of nearly US$3
trillion, ASEAN is vibrant and
growing, offering a future
to its people
of increasing prosperity
and stability (AEC Key Messages Booklet). Thus, The AEC is one of the
foundations of that future. Those ten member states of ASEAN also want to
hasten the establishment of the AEC by 2015 and to transform ASEAN into a
region with free movement of goods, services, investment, skilled labor, and
freer flow of capital. Indonesia which is one of the ten ASEAN members is going
to partake in it. However, this can be both a huge opportunity and a big threat
for Indonesia.
On one hand, implementing AEC in
Indonesia on 2015 will gave many opportunities for other countries to enlarge
their economy system, enhance investment and tourism, recover trade and
business facility and decrease poverty and social-economy gap.
Besides,
Indonesia also has opportunities to dominate this AEC because the population is
40% bigger than among those other ASEAN members. Absolutely, it will be a
special benefit, that is, demography reward. For example, it will gain many
investors to invest in Indonesia. Thus, many un-employees will get new job.
Furthermore, the free trading which is one of AEC principles can help many
productive citizen of Indonesia to be exported. As a consequence, national income
will increase.
Also,
the territory of Indonesia gives large opportunities in transacting business
and trade. Moreover, as a maritime country which the three fourth of territory
is ocean; this country has valuable natural resources. It provides food in the
form of fish and shellfish, such as in Lamongan, East Java. It is used for
transportation, for example, travelling in Bali and shipping. It also provides
jewelry in the form of pearl, such as in Lombok. Furthermore, ocean provides
minerals, such as salt in Madura and crude oil in Natuna. Those precious
natural resources belong to Indonesia. Indeed, those are valuable things that can
be exported.
On
the other hand, let us say that Indonesia as developing country has not ready
yet to compete against the other ASEAN Countries in AEC 2015. There are two
general reasons why this happens. First, infrastructure in Indonesia is still
in progress. According to The Global Competitiveness Report 2013/2014 made by
World Economic Forum (WEF), Indonesia competence is on the ranking of the 38th.
In addition, infrastructure quality is on the ranking of 5th among ASEAN
Countries. It shows that infrastructures, for example, land, marine, air,
communication, and power supply are still growing. Thus, it needs to be
considered. Second, the human resources are also the crucial things. Having
many precious natural resources, much population and large territory will be
useless if the human resources cannot manage it as well. Nowadays, there are
still many Indonesia citizens which only finish their education in the
elementary school while the other 7% are graduated from University.
In
order to establish economic system through AEC 2015, the government together
with all Indonesia citizens should be well-prepared.
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